Chepter No. 1

Ch No. 1 Physical Quantities and Measurement

Ch No. 1

Physical Quantities and Measurement

Science:

The word science is derived from the Latin word “scientia” which means knowledge.

                                The collection of knowledge from observation and experimentation is called science.

Branches of Science:

There are two main branches of science “Physical Science and Biological Science.”

·        Physical Science:

                                The branch of science that deals with all the non-living things is called physical science.

·        Biological Science:

                                The branch of science that deals with all the living things is called biological science.

Introduction to Physics

Since there is a physical world in which different phenomenon are occurring in the nature. These phenomenons are occurring on the bases of some laws. These laws are explained by the physics to understand the world.

Physics:

Physics is the branch of science that deals with the study of matter, energy and the relation between them.

·         Matter:

Anything that occupies the space and has some mass is called matter.

·         Energy:

It is the ability of a body to do some work.

                Branches of Physics:

·         Mechanics:

The study of objects in motion, their cause and their effects. It has two branches

o   Dynamics

o   Kinematics

·         Heat:

It deals with the nature of heat, modes of transfer of heat and effects of heat.

·         Sound:

It deals with the physical aspects of sound waves, their production, properties and applications.

·         Light(Optics):

It is the study of physical aspects of light, its properties, working and use of optical instruments.

·         Electricity and Magnetism:

It is the study of the charges at rest and in motion, their effects and their relationship with magnetism.

·         Atomic Physics:

It is the study of the atom, structure of atom and properties of atom.

·         Nuclear Physics:

It deals with the properties and behavior of nuclei and the particles within the nuclei.

·         Plasma Physics:

It is the study of production, properties of the ionic state of matter “the fourth state of matter.”

·         Geophysics:

It deals with the study of the internal structures of the earth.

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